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1911 Tripoli massacre
1911 Tripoli massacre were a series of massacres by the Italian army of Ottoman troops and Libyan civilians of the Tripoli region.
==Background==
Italy invaded Ottoman Tripolitania (Ottoman Libya) in 1911 to annex it as an Italian colony. The Ottomans resisted the Italian invasion and the result was the Italo-Turkish War. Some Arabs collaborated with the Italians, mainly in the city of Tripoli, but those in the interior of Libya supported the Turks mainly because of Moslem fanaticism. During the war Italian troops often were attacked with cruelty and many times used violence as a retaliation to subdue the native civilians.
The city of Tripoli and surroundings -after an initial destructive bombing of the Turkish fortifications- were quickly conquered by 1,500 Italian sailors, welcomed by the population who started to collaborate with the Italian authorities〔(Tripoli inhabitants welcomed the Italians, p. 36-40 (in Italian) )〕 Additionally, Tripoli in 1911 had a huge Jews community, who happily welcomed the Italians because of the pogroms suffered from muslim Ottomans and Arabs.
The first partial setback for the Italian troops happened on October 23 in the Massacre of Italians at Sciara Sciat in the Mechiya area, when the bad placement of the Italian troops near Tripoli led to their almost complete encirclement by more mobile Arab cavalry, backed by some Turk regular unit and by local civilians (who hit the Italians by surprise: even some 30 Turks dressed as civilian Arabs and later executed). However the Italians were able to defeat the Turk and Arab forces in a few hours.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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